Knotty Problems are unsolvable problems computer can't answer. Now
we talk about AI, and semiconductors keep expanding although Moore's law seems to be ending. Tech companies have huge profit in this difficult time. Paradox is philosophical matter, but we can see it in topology.
This ring is crossing. You pile rings, so this is three dimensions although this is flat. You need to connect two circles in one. This is tricky.
g is genus, and K is the minimal genus of a surface.
K is unknotting, if g(K)=0.
K1#K2 is adding together. When K1 and K2 are unknotting, K1+k2 is unknotting.